Haushofer’s model divided the world into four distinct blocs: the U.S. zone, which was essentially the Western Hemisphere; the German zone, which included the European Peninsula, Africa and much of the Middle East; the Russian zone, which stretched from Eastern Europe to Siberia but didn’t reach the Pacific; and the Japanese zone, which included East Asia, the Asian Archipelago and Australia. Interestingly, India is included in the Russian zone, but its status is ambiguous.
It was a model that Haushofer believed would form in the future, but it never did. Germany couldn’t hold Europe. Japan couldn’t control East Asia. Its biggest pitfall was the assumption that the United States was oriented toward its south and blocked from the Atlantic and Pacific. In fact, the U.S. came to dominate the Atlantic and Pacific, no European power retained a southern hegemony, the Soviet Union moved deep into Europe, and Asia fragmented.
With all these models now obsolete, a new, less ideological one is required.
The geopolitical challenge we have is to create a model that incorporates global power into a single system. The portion of the Northern Hemisphere between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer incorporates the world’s major powers and the most significant nations. Some important regions, including Australia, Brazil, the southern part of India and parts of Southeast Asia, lay outside this band, but the boundaries I am drawing have some flexibility.
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